Elements of computer graphics

The subject of the book are the basic issues of computer graphics. The history of this field and its applications are presented. The most important types of graphic devices and drawing algorithms on raster devices are discussed. The properties of geometric transformations on the plane and in space have been described. The algorithms of actions on polygons and the methods of representation of graphic objects are presented. A lot of space has been devoted to the methods of curves and surface modeling, algorithms for determining fragments of lines or surfaces covered, as well as methods of color and lighting modeling.

The book is intended for IT students at all universities and programmers.

Table of Contents

From the author

CHAPTER 1

Admission

CHAPTER 2

Graphic devices

2.1. Introduction
2.2. Screen devices
2.3. Devices that give permanent copies of the image
2.3.1. Drawing devices
2.3.2. Printers
2.4. Input devices

CHAPTER 3

Raster algorithms

3.1. Introduction
3.2. Drawing an episode
3.3. Drawing a circle
3.4. Filling the area

CHAPTER 4

Geometry on the plane

4.1. Introduction
4.2. Conversions of points on the plane
4.3. Conversion of the coordinate system
4.4. Windowing and cutting
4.5. Raster transformations
4.6. Activities on polygons
4.6.1. Position of the point relative to the polygon
4.6.2. Determination of the convex shell of a set of points
4.6.3. Triangulation of polygons
4.6.4. Clipping a polygon to a rectangular window
4.6.5. Determination of the common part of convex polygons

CHAPTER 5

Geometry in space

5.1. Basic objects and concepts
5.2. Information about numerical calculations
5.3. Conversions of points in R3
5.4. Conversion of the coordinate system
5.5. Casting
5.5.1. Introduction
5.5.2. Conversion of the data system to the observer layout
5.5.3. Casting in the observer's layout
5.5.4. Defining the pyramid of vision
5.6. Cutting the segment to the rectangular prism

CHAPTER 6

Representation (description) of graphic objects

6.1. Introduction
6.2. Curves and surfaces
6.3. Flat areas
6.4. lumps
6.4.1. Frame representation
6.4.2. Defining space
6.4.3. Constructive geometry of solids
6.4.4. Representation with octal trees

CHAPTER 7

Modeling of curves and surfaces

7.1. Introduction
7.2. curves
7.2.1. Curves representation
7.2.2. Polynomials and glued functions. Interpolation
7.2.3. Crooked Bezier
7.2.4. Smooth interpolation with the function of degree polynomial compartments
7.2.5. B-spline curves
7.3. surfaces
7.3.1. Representation and basic concepts
7.3.2. Bezier surfaces
7.3.3. Smooth interpolation with grade 3 polynomial function
7.3.4. B-spline surfaces
7.3.5. Coons surfaces
7.3.6. Gordon surfaces

CHAPTER 8

Algorithms for determining lines and hidden surfaces

8.1. Introduction
8.2. Determination of veiled fragments of a multi-wall object line
8.3. Algorithm with depth buffer
8.4. Horizontal lines browsing algorithm
8.5. Wall sorting algorithms
8.6. Application of the "divide and conquer" rule
8.7. Special classes of three-dimensional objects
8.7.1. Drawing of surfaces given by the function of two variables
8.7.2. Visualization of molecules
8.7.3. Parametric defined surfaces
8.8. Computational complexity of the occlusion problem

CHAPTER 9

Modeling of lighting, color and texture

9.1. Introduction
9.2. Setting shadows
9.3. Lighting modeling
9.4. Shading the surface of objects
9.5. Radiation tracking algorithm
9.6. Colour
9.7. Texture

Bibliography
Index