Electrical engineering and electronics for non-electricians edition 6

The manual gives basic laws, concepts and systems from electrical engineering and electronics. The principles of operation of measuring instruments, electrical machines, transformers, electronic devices and selected power electronic systems are presented. Devices for the production, transmission and distribution of "electrical energy" have been discussed, and much attention has been paid to measurements of electrical and non-electrical quantities using electric methods and methods of using electric power The manual is intended for students of non-electrical faculties, primarily mechanical, technical colleges, etc. It can also be useful for students specialized lyceums and nonelectric engineers.

Table of Contents

1. Basics of electrical engineering

doc. dr inż. Robert Kiełsznia, prof. dr inż. Andrzej Pilatowicz.

dr inż. Alicja Zielińska

1.1. Basic concepts and units of measurement
1.2. Electrostatic field, capacitors
1.3. Electrical circuit
1.3.1. Elements of the electrical circuit. Ohm's law
1.3.2. Resistance of conductors
1.3.3. Kirchhoff's law
1.3.4. Linear DC circuit
1.3.5. Ways of combining sources and resistors in a linear DC circuit
1.3.6. Energy and power, Joule's law
1.3.7. Methods of solving linear DC circuits
1.3.8. Non-linear DC electrical circuit
1.3.9. Current flow through electrolytes. batteries
1.4. DC current field
1.5. Magnetism and electromagnetism
1.5.1. Admission
1.5.2. Magnetic field
1.5.3. Magnetic induction
15.4. The force acting on the wire with the current in the magnetic field. Prawo.Ampere'a
1.5.5. The force acting on electric charges moving in the magnetic field
1.5.6. Magnetic flux. Induction tube
1.5.7. Magnetic field in a homogeneous environment. The intensity of the magnetic field
1.5.8. The forces of mutual interaction between the wires and the current
1.5.9. Magnetisation of bodies
1.5.10. The right of movement
1.5.11. Magnetic circuit 1.5.12. Ohm's law and Kirchhoff's law for magnetic circuits
1.5.13. Calculation of magnetic circuits
1.5.14. The phenomenon of electromagnetic induction. Electromotive force induced
1.5.15. The phenomenon of self-induction. Electromotive force of own induction. Own inductance
1.5.16. The energy of the magnetic field of the inductance L coil
1.5.17. The phenomenon of mutual induction. Electromotive force of mutual induction
1.5.18. Eddy currents
1.6. Single-phase circuit of a sinusoidal current
1.6.1. Admission
1.6.2. The formation of a sinusoidal current
1.6.3. The average and effective value of current and voltage
1.6.4. Power and work in a sinusoidal current circuit
1.6.5. Sinusoidal waveforms in the form of rotating vectors
1.6.6. Sine-variable variables presented as vectors on the plane
complex variable
1.6.7. Application of complex numbers to the calculation of sinusoidal alternating current circuits
1.6.8. Analysis of sinusoidal current circuit consisting of single ideal
elements R, L, C 1.6.9. Analysis of a sinusoidal current circuit composed of ideal elements R, L, C
connected in series
1.6.10. Analysis of a sinusoidal current circuit composed of ideal R, L, C elements connected in parallel
1.6.11. Resonance phenomenon
1.6.12. Compound circuits
1.6.13. Cross pieces
1.6.14. Transients in circuits "containing elements of R, L. C
1.7. Periodic non-sinusoidal current and voltage in the electrical circuit
1.7.1. Development of a periodic function into a Fourier series
1.7.2. Calculation of current and voltage in a linear electrical circuit
non-sinusoidal sem
1.8. Three-phase systems
1.8.1. Basic concepts
1.8.2. Current and voltage in three-phase symmetrical systems
1.8.3. Current and voltage, in asymmetrical three-phase systems
1.8.4. Power in three-phase systems
1.8.5. A magnetic field rotating
1.8.6. Application of three-phase systems
1.8.7. Reactive power compensation
List of important markings
Literature

2. Basics of electronics

dr inż. Jan Szymczvk

2.1. Semiconductor diodes
2.1.1. General news
2.1.2. Layer diode
2.1.3. Zener diode
2.1.4. Light emitting diode - LED
2.1.5. Capacitive diode, warikap (varactor)
2.1.6. Photodiode and photocell
2.1.7. Optocoupler (optical coupler)
2.2. Layer bipolar transistor
2.2.1. The operating principle of the transistor
2.2.2. Transistor as a crossover and its parameters
2.3. The unipolar transistor
2.3.1. Focal unipolar transistor (FET)
2.3.2. The unipolar transistor with insulated gate (MOSFET)
2.5. Thyristors - silicon controlled diodes
2.6. Integrated circuits
2.7. Electronic amplifiers
2.7.1. Resistance (resistor) amplifier with common emitter - EC
2.7.2. Amplifier in a common collector system - WC
2.7.3. Multistage amplifiers
2.7.4. Selective amplifiers
2.7.5. Power amplifiers
2.8. generators
2.8.1. Admission
2.8.2. General conditions of vibration generation
2.8.3. LC generators
2.8.4. LC generators with increased frequency stability
2.8.5. Quartz generators
2.8.6. RC generators
2.8.7. Generators of non-sinusoidal signals
2.9. Modulation and demodulation
2.9.1. Admission
2.9.2. Amplitude modulation and demodulation
2.9.3. Modulation and frequency demodulation
2.10. Impulse systems
2.10.1. General news
2.10.2. Bistable latch
2.10.3. Monostable ejector
2.10.4. Schmitt trigger
2.11. Digital circuits
2.11.2. Basic logical elements
2.11.3. Implementation of complex functions
2.11.4. Types and properties of logic gates
2.11.5. Flip-flops and counters
2.11.6. Semiconductor memories
2.11.7. Microprocessor systems
2.11.8. Analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters
2.1.2. Power sources
2.12.1. General thoughts
2.12.2. rectifiers
2.12.3. filters
2.12.4. Fixed voltage stabilizers
2.13. Selected examples of the use of electronic circuits
2.13.1. The use of electronics in electric meters
2.13.2. The use of electronics in industrial measurement
2.13.3. The use of electronics for testing materials
2.13.4. The use of electronic devices for visual analysis of phenomena
2.13.5. The use of electronic devices in automation
List of important markings
Literature

3. Measurements of electrical and non-electrical quantities

prof. dr inż. Andrzej Wąsowski

3.1. Electromechanical measuring instruments
3.1.1. General remarks on measurements and measuring instruments
3.1.2. Magnetoelectric devices
3.1.3. Electromagnetic devices
3.1.4. Electrodynamic devices
3.1.5. Induction counters
3.1.6. recorders
3.1.7. transformers
3.2. Methods for measuring electrical quantities
3.2.1. Voltage and current measurement
3.2.2. Resistance measurement
3.2.3. Inductance measurement
3.2.4. Pomiarpojemności
3.2.5. Power and energy measurement
3.3. Processing of non-electric quantities into electrical ones
3.3.1. General thoughts
3.3.2. Temperature measurements
3.3.3. Measurements of mechanical quantities
3.3.4. Flow rate measurements
3.3.5. Measurements of heat flow
List of important markings
Literature

4. Machines. electric and transformers

dr inż. Wiesław Żwawski

4.1. Admission
4.2. Construction of electrical machines
4.3. DC machines
4.3.1. Building
4.3.2. Principle of operation and basic relationships
4.3.3. Energy losses and machine efficiency
4.3.4. The influence of the armature
4.3.6. Types of machines
4.3.7. Properties of generators
4.3.8. Properties of engines
4.4. Synchronous machines
4.4.1. Building
4.4.2. Principle of operation of a synchronous generator
4.4.3. Idle and short circuit condition
4.4.4. Generator work on own network
4.4.5. Alternator's cooperation with a rigid network
4.4.6. Synchronization
4.4.7. Synchronous motor
4.4.8. alternators
4.4.9. Jumping motors
4.5. Transformers
4.5.1. Building
4.5.2. Idle state of a single-phase transformer
4.5.3. Load condition of a single-phase transformer
4.5.4. Transformer short-circuit
4.5.5. Parallel work of transformers
4.5.6. Three-phase transformers
4.5.7. Voltage regulation in the transformer
4.5.8. autotransformers
4.6. Induction motors (asynchronous)
4.6.1. Building
4.6.2. Principle of operation of a three-phase induction motor
4.6.3. Ways of starting three-phase induction motors
4.6.4. Single-phase induction motors
4.6.5. Induction linear motors
4.6.6. Electric actuators (SW)
4.7. Vibrations and noise of electrical machines
List of important markings
Literature

5. Use of electricity

dr inż. Pawel Hempowicz

5.1. Electric drive
5.1.2. Angular speed regulation of electric motors
5.1.3. Angular speed regulation of DC motors
5.1.4. Angular speed regulation of the bypass motor
5.1.5. Angular speed control of the serial motor
5.1.6 Angular speed regulation of AC motors
5.1.7. Braking of electric motors
5.1.8. Inhibition of DC shunt motors
5.1.9. Inhibition of DC direct current motors
5.1.10. Inhibition of induction motors
5.1.11. Multi-machine drive systems
5.1.12. Selection of the drive motor
5.1.13. Electromagnetic clutches
5.1.14. Luzownik (releases)
5.2. Electric lighting
5.2.1. Basic concepts, units
5.2.2. Electric light sources
5.2.3. Light fixtures
5.2.4. General information about lighting
5.3. Electroheat
5.3.1. Resistive heating (resistance)
5.3.2. Electrode heating
5.3.3. Arcing
5.3.4. Induction heating
5.3.5. Capacitive heating
5.3.6. Radiant heating
List of important markings
Literature

6. Equipment for generation, transmission and distribution of electricity

prof. dr inż. Andrzej Pilatowicz, dr inż. Alicja Zielińska

6.1.1. Energetics
6.2. Electric power system
6.2.1. Generation of electricity
6.2.2. Electricity transmission in SEE
6.2.3. Distribution of electricity in SEE
6.3. Elements of the power system
6.3.1. General and environmental requirements
6.3.2. Requirements for networks and installations
6.3.3. Network layouts
6.3.4. power
6.3.5. Power lines
6.3.6. Electric power stations
6.3.7. Electrical Installations
6.3.8. The quality of electricity
6.4. Anti-interference protection
6.4.1. Types of disturbances and limiting their consequences
6.4.2. Protection of power networks against overvoltages
6.4.3. Types of relay protections
6.4.4. Line protection, transformers and network automation
6.4.5. Motor protection
6.5. Protection against electric shock
6.5.1. The impact of electric current on the human body
6.5.2. Network circuits in protection against electric shock
6.5.3. Protection against direct contact (basic protection)
6.5.5. Principle of operation of the differential circuit breaker
6.5.6. Protection against high voltage over-voltage in transformer stations
List of important markings
Literature

7. Selected power electronics systems

dr inż. Tadeusz Tomborowski

7.1. Introductory information
7.2. Non-controlled rectifiers
7.2.1. One-pulse rectifier
7.2.2. Two-pulse rectifiers
7.2.3. Three-phase rectifiers
7.2.4. External characteristics of the rectifier
7.3. Controlled rectifiers
7.3.1. One-pulse controlled rectifier
7.3.2. Multi-pulse controlled rectifiers
7.3.3. Rectifiers (reversible)
7.4. AC switches and controllers
7.4.1. Single-phase systems
7.4.2. Three-phase systems
7.4.3. Direct frequency drives
7.5. DC couplers and controllers
7.6. Independent inverters
7.6.1. Voltage inverters
7.6.2. Current inverters
7.7. Applications of power electronics systems
List of important markings
Literature

Index