The measurement range directly depends on the reflectivity coefficient of the detected object, which is an important factor when designing navigation and safety systems. For highly reflective surfaces at 90% reflectivity, the maximum detection distance is 0.05 - 50 m, representing the longest measurement range within the S2 series and enabling operation in large-scale environments such as warehouses, logistics centers, or commercial facilities with high ceilings.

For objects with 10% reflectivity, such as dark plastics, rubber tires, or matte surfaces, the effective operating range is 0.05 - 15 m. This dependency allows precise estimation of the actual system performance in the target environment, particularly in industrial, warehouse, or service spaces where materials and colors vary. The minimum measurement distance of 0.05 m reduces the blind zone in the near field, improving obstacle detection accuracy when maneuvering near walls, in narrow passages, or during docking operations.

The DTOF method measures distance based on the time of flight of a laser pulse, ensuring consistent distance resolution regardless of whether the obstacle is located nearby or at a greater distance. This measurement principle supports reliable detection of objects with varying optical properties, including dark surfaces, highly reflective materials, and even transparent elements, improving the reliability of mapping data in mixed environments.

A sampling rate of 32000 measurements per second increases data density during each scanning cycle and enables more accurate reconstruction of the surrounding geometry. With a maximum range of 50 m and a distance resolution of 13 mm, the system captures details both in the near field and at medium and long operating distances, maintaining measurement consistency across the entire operating range.

An angular resolution of 0.12° allows precise representation of edges, corners, narrow obstacles, and small objects within the sensor’s field of view. A scan rate of 10 Hz provides a stable, cyclical data stream, enabling continuous environment map updates while the mobile platform is in motion. The combination of high sampling frequency, constant distance resolution resulting from DTOF technology, and ±30 mm accuracy supports localization and mapping algorithms, increasing reconstruction repeatability and improving detection of static and dynamic objects in real time.

The compact design with an optical scanning area height of 18 mm enables integration into mobile platforms, service robots, and AGV systems without the need for significant structural modifications. The S2P version, despite its extended measurement range of up to 50 m, maintains the same compact mechanical dimensions as the other variants in the S2 series, allowing seamless model replacement without changes to the enclosure design or mounting layout.

The optimized housing form facilitates installation in standard structural recesses, sensor modules, and under protective covers, while maintaining full 360° scanning exposure. The low-profile structure supports proper center-of-gravity positioning and dynamic stability during movement. The IP65-rated enclosure additionally protects the internal optical mechanism against dust and water splashes, supporting use in industrial and semi-outdoor environments where compact dimensions must be combined with increased operational durability.