Basics of electromagnetic field theory. Part II Electromagnetic waves

The manual has been prepared based on lectures on the theory of electromagnetic field conducted by the author at the Faculty of Electronics of the Wrocław University of Technology. The manual has been adapted to the new study program in force since 2007 for the subject Elementary theory of electromagnetic field.
This is the first of a series of three textbooks planned by the author for the new subject Fundamentals of electromagnetic field theory. It contains a supplementary material for part II of the lecture and hence the subtitle of the textbook: part II. Electromagnetic waves.
The handbook discusses such issues as:
• Maxwell equations,
• flat wave,
• reflection and refraction of a flat wave,
• radiation and antennas,
• TEM waves,
• waveguides.
The mathematical concepts used in the manual are discussed in detail (Chapter 1). The mathematical introduction is dictated by the current mathematics program to ensure students are well prepared for lectures and field theory exercises. The mathematical methods used have been explained in detail, without giving up on several leads. According to the author, this enables the reader to better understand the final formulas and the resulting conclusions.
The manual is intended primarily for students of the electronics faculty of technical universities in engineering studies, both daytime and extramural. It can also be helpful for students of the electrical department and other related faculties. It is a good starting point for lectures in microwave technology, antennas and propagation of electromagnetic waves and fiber optics.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
From the author
List of important markings
Admission
1. Vector fields of forces
1.1. Introduction
1.2. Sources of the vector field
1.3. Swirls vector field
1.4. Theorem on uniqueness
1.5. Vector derivative
1.6. Hamilton symbolism. identity
1.7. Harmonic vector and its complex character
1.8. Bessel functions

2. Maxwell's equations
2.1. Electrical and magnetic properties of material centers
2.2. Basic equations of the electromagnetic field
2.3. Maxwell's hypothesis
2.4. Maxwell's equations. The energy of the electromagnetic field
2.5. The form of Maxwell equations for stationary fields
2.6. Limit conditions for electromagnetic field vectors
2.7. Poynting theorem
2.8. Maxwell equations in complex form
2.9. Complex permeabilities
2.10. Theorem on the uniqueness of solutions of Maxwell's equations

3. Flat wave
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Helmholtz's wave equations
3.3. The solution of wave equations
3.4. The structure of a homogeneous flat wave
3.5. Polarization of a plane wave
3.6. Parameters of homogeneous flat wave
3.7. Propagation of a homogeneous flat wave in different media
3.8. Transport of energy through a homogeneous flat wave in a lossless medium

4. Reflection and refraction of a flat wave
4.1. Starting assumptions
4.2. Properties of the reflected wave
4.3. Properties of the wave penetrating into the second medium
4.3.1. Properties of the wave penetrating into the lossless dielectric
4.3.2. Properties of the wave penetrating into the lossy medium
4.4. Amplitude coefficients of reflection and refraction
4.4.1. Perpendicular polarization
4.4.2. Parallel polarity
4.5. Reflection and refraction of a homogeneous flat wave on the border with the conductive center ..
4.5.1. Perpendicular polarization
4.5.2. Parallel polarity
4.6. Energy coefficients of reflection and penetration

5. Electrodynamic potentials
5.1. Definitions of potentials. Ambiguity '. ;
5.2. Derivation of differential equations for potentials
5.3. The general solution of equations for electrodynamic potentials
5.4. Potential of static field and variable field
5.5. The issue of quasistivity
5.6. Hertz's potential

6. Radiation and antennas
6.1. Dipol Hertz
6.1.1. The concept of Hertz's dipole
6.1.2. Electromagnetic field at any distance from the Hertz dipole
6.1.3. An area close to the Hertz dipole radiation
6.1.4. Area of distant Hertz dipole radiation
6.1.5. Power radiated by the Hertz dipole
6.1.6. Directional characteristics of Hertz dipole radiation
6.2. Circular frame antenna
6.3. Line antennas
6.4. Basic values describing the properties of antennas
6.4.1. Radiation resistance
6.4.2. Antenna gain
6.4.3. The effective length of the antenna
6.5. Antenna over the flat surface of the Earth
6.6. Antenna systems
6.7. The principle of reciprocity

7. Transmission paths. WA waves
7.1. Types of electromagnetic waves
7.2. Transversal electromagnetic wave TEM
7.3. The TEM waves in a coaxial line with a lossy dielectric
7.4. TEM waves in a coaxial line with lossy wires
7.5. Summary

8. Waveguides
8.1. Introduction ...
8.2. Properties of electric waves in a waveguide of any cross-sectional shape
8.3. Properties of magnetic waves in a waveguide of any cross-sectional shape
8.4. Electromagnetic waves in a rectangular waveguide
8.5. Electromagnetic waves in a circular waveguide
8.6. Coaxial line
8.7. A rectangular cavity resonator
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